We can observe the ongoing strengthening of relations between Türkiye and Turkmenistan, two nations united by deep historical, cultural, and linguistic ties. Since the appointment of Mr. Ahmet Demirok as Türkiye’s ambassador to Ashgabat, this cooperation has gained new momentum, both diplomatically and economically.

In February 2025, a historic agreement was signed: for the first time, Turkmenistan will supply gas directly to Türkiye. This energy partnership, announced by Turkish Energy Minister Alparslan Bayraktar, marks a major step in Ankara’s efforts to diversify its energy sources. It also reflects the growing trust between the two countries.

On social media, Ambassador Demirok emphasized the unity of the “three brotherly Turkmen countries”: Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Türkiye.

This statement, warmly welcomed by the Turkmen people, reinforces the idea of a shared cultural and political community. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Türkiye also refers to the relationship as being based on the principle of “One Nation, Two States,” highlighting the importance of shared language, religion, and history.

In 1991, Türkiye was the first country to recognize Turkmenistan’s independence and to open an embassy in Ashgabat. In 2014, President Erdoğan made his first official visit to Central Asia as head of state, choosing Turkmenistan as his destination. In 2015, he participated in the Neutrality Forum on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of Turkmenistan’s permanent neutrality.

In 2025, the gas agreement was signed, and Turkmenistan is expected to become a full member of the Organization of Turkic States in October. President Erdoğan is also expected to attend the forum in Ashgabat on December 12, 2025, to celebrate the 30th anniversary of Turkmenistan’s neutrality.

Since 1992, trade relations between Türkiye and Turkmenistan have steadily grown. In 2002, the volume of foreign trade was 216 million USD; in 2007, it reached 750 million USD; and in 2024, it exceeded 2.1 billion USD. Türkiye is now Turkmenistan’s third-largest trading partner, after Russia and Iran.

Turkmenistan exports oil and gas products, textiles, and chemical substances to Türkiye, while importing iron and steel, construction materials, and chemical and food products from Türkiye.

In terms of investment, in 2008, there were 400 Turkish entrepreneurs active in Turkmenistan, particularly in construction, energy, and textiles. Turkish companies represent 35% of all foreign companies in Turkmenistan, and 35% of all foreign investments come from Türkiye.

This partnership is also reflected in the impactful work of Turkish holdings such as GAMA, which have played a vital role in Turkmenistan’s development. Projects like the Ertugrul Gazi Mosque and Cultural Center, the Serdar Hotel, and multiple units at the Turkmenbashi Refinery demonstrate Türkiye’s commitment to supporting Turkmenistan’s infrastructure, industry, and cultural life. These initiatives not only strengthen economic ties but also symbolize the enduring friendship between the two countries.

Major projects include the Ashgabat International Airport, built by Alarko, and the extension of the Gazanjyk Water Canal, a technical project completed by Temel Su Engineering Company and submitted to the Turkmen government.

Educational cooperation is also a key pillar of the relationship. Since 1992, agreements have enabled the opening of Turkish schools in Turkmenistan and the implementation of exchange programs. In February 2025, a delegation led by Turkmenistan’s Minister of Education, Jumamyrat Gurbangeldiyev, visited Ankara to strengthen scientific and academic cooperation. This includes organizing short-term training programs for Turkmen students and teachers, conducting joint scientific research, and publishing academic articles.

CONCLUSION

In an era marked by shifting geopolitical dynamics and the need for resilient partnerships, the deepening ties between Türkiye and Turkmenistan stand as a model of strategic cooperation rooted in shared heritage and mutual respect. From energy and trade to education and diplomacy, the two nations are building a future together—one that honors their common past while embracing innovation and progress. As this partnership continues to evolve, it promises to bring lasting benefits not only to both countries but also to the broader region.

SOURCES

Boonstra, J. (2010). „The EU-Turkmenistan energy relationship: difficulty or opportunity?‟. EDC2020 Policy Brief, (5).

Dutton, J. (2025, February 11). In first, Turkmenistan to supply Turkey directly with gas: What to know. Al-Monitor. https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2025/02/first-turkmenistan-supply-turkey-directly-gas-what-know

Rahmanov, A. (2004). Türkiye-Türkmenistan ilişkileri (Master’s thesis, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü).

Cacip, & Cacip. (2024, September 20). EU and Turkmenistan launch large-scale green development project for 2024-2028 – CACIP Central Asia Climate Information Portal. Retrieved from https://centralasiaclimateportal.org/eu-and-turkmenistan-launch-large-scale-green-development-project-for-2024-2028/

EEAS, 2023. EU-TURKMENISTAN RELATIONS. The European Union and Turkmenistan | EEAS

Gas Trade Flows in Europe. (2010), Available from: http://www.iea.org/ gtf/index.asp

Grandesso, F. (2024, June 4). Interview: EU and Turkmenistan are getting closer. Retrieved from https://www.neglobal.eu/interview-eu-and-turkmenistan-are-getting-closer/

Ibrayeva, A., Sannikov, D. V., Kadyrov, M. A., Zapevalov, V. N., Hasanov, E. L., & Zuev, V. N. (2018). Importance of the Caspian countries for the European Union energy security. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 8(3), 150-159.

(2024, November 14). Multimedia Centre – European Parliament. 7th EU-Turkmenistan Inter- parliamentary Meeting – Multimedia Centre. Retrieved from http://multimedia.europarl.europa.eu/en/photoset/7th-eu-turkmenistan-inter-parliamentary-meeting_EP-174884A