Introduction

The rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is placing unprecedented stress on global energy systems, pushing energy security back to the top of the international agenda. High-level discussions held during Abu Dhabi Finance Week highlighted that nuclear energy is no longer merely an alternative power source but a strategic pillar underpinning economic stability, digital transformation, and national security. Presentations delivered by the Director General of the World Nuclear Association, Dr. Sama Bilbao y León, emphasized that AI-driven growth can only be sustained through reliable, continuous, and low-carbon energy infrastructure.

1. Accelerating AI Demand and the Growing Fragility of Power Grids

Experts agree that AI-enabled data centres and high-performance computing are triggering the most intense period of electricity demand growth seen in half a century. In advanced economies, annual demand increases of 3–4 per cent are becoming the norm, while in emerging markets the growth rates are even higher.

This surge is exposing systemic weaknesses in power systems, including grid congestion, escalating consumer tariffs, and the structural limitations of intermittent renewable generation. According to Dr. Bilbao y León, energy security must therefore be redefined beyond volume of supply to encompass affordability, reliability, and resilience of electricity systems.

2. The Strategic Re-emergence of Nuclear Energy in a Renewable-Dominated Landscape

While investments in wind and solar continue to expand, consensus is forming that renewables alone cannot guarantee system stability or continuous power availability. The absence of sufficient baseload capacity is increasingly perceived as a critical vulnerability in the context of AI-driven electrification.

Nuclear energy is consequently being repositioned as a core instrument of energy security due to its operational continuity, low exposure to commodity price volatility, minimal carbon footprint, and long asset lifetimes. Global technology corporations are now pursuing long-term nuclear power purchase agreements to secure uninterrupted electricity for hyperscale data centres, signalling a structural shift in corporate energy strategies.

3. Financial Realignment and the Rise of Nuclear Investment Frameworks

The year 2025 marked a turning point in nuclear finance. The World Bank’s decision to revise its lending policies to include nuclear projects has provided a strong signal to multilateral development banks and institutional investors worldwide. Parallel policy shifts across Africa and Asia indicate that nuclear energy is increasingly viewed as integral to national energy security and long-term economic development.

Achieving the objective of tripling global nuclear capacity by 2050 will require annual investments estimated at USD 150 billion. To facilitate this transition, the World Nuclear Association is launching new financial guidance mechanisms aimed at demystifying nuclear investment risks and accelerating final investment decisions.

Conclusion: Energy Security in the AI Era Requires Scaled Nuclear Deployment

In the age of artificial intelligence, global prosperity will depend not only on technological innovation but also on the availability of stable, affordable, and decarbonised electricity. The deliberations at Abu Dhabi Finance Week underscore a fundamental shift in policy thinking: energy security is no longer defined solely by fossil fuel supply chains, but by the ability to deliver continuous clean power at scale.

With financial institutions recalibrating their strategies, nuclear energy is emerging as a cornerstone of the future energy system—bridging climate objectives with the imperatives of digital growth and geopolitical stability.

https://world-nuclear.org/news-and-media/association-news/nuclear-energy-takes-centre-stage-powering-the-ai-and-economic-surge